Stone-brick fortification of the end of the 17th – first half of the 18th centuries on the territory of Western Siberia

The authors analyzed the fortification features of exceptional monuments Russian stone-brick defensive architecture in Western Siberia late 17th – first half 18th centuries: Kremlin Tobolsk together with Sophia and Gostiny Dvors, Verkhoturye, Monastery Dalmatovo. We paid attention to stages their construction, tried clarify time construction. method analysis graphic materials (fixation plans projects) made it possible identify degree implementation objects planned for project. use comparative architectural elements fortifications analogues European part Russia methods historical research (measurement calculation) determine role actual dimensions (the Dalmatovo, Tobolsk). genesis interpret ways origin forms studied objects. When comparing each other, much common was found: all were built under influence style that developed domestic defense 15th centuries; when compared Russia, equal Moscow far from principles bastion fortification, not only Europe, but also (for example, 16th century earthen version Earthen fortress Ladoga, Small City Novgorod years stone Novodvinsk fortress). formal, compositional proportional pay special describe construction solutions. walls followed terrain, contrast regular shape fortresses according requirements time; number frequency towers did meet requirements: Verkhoturye there two them, Dalmatovsky they unevenly distributed spans some them remained unfinished; high about 4.5 6 meters hight different; spinners on steep slopes included various administrative, residential or utility buildings (Kremlin Tobolsk, Monastery), had a lower height those floor side (Verkhoturye); width spindles at different sites 1.8 m country 3 wide more); inside fortress, parapets have arches 3–4 high, loopholes sole fight (Sophia Dvor Tobolsk), sometimes middle battles (Verkhoturye Kremlin, Monastery).